Proposition and simulation of LEACH-MQTT routing protocol for Publish/Subscribe systems in IoT networks

Abstract

Nowadays, the increasing prevalence of Internet Of Things (IOT) networks has propelled the need for efficient communication protocols to handle the exchange of data in a scalable and reliable manner. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) play a crucial role in collecting and disseminating data from sensor nodes to central entities in IOT networks. In this context, the reliable routing with reducing energy consumption of publish and subscribe messages in a publish/subscribe system, such as the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) system, poses a significant challenge. This thesis aims to propose a novel routing protocol specifically designed for IOT networks with a focus on Pub/-Sub systems. The primary objective of the protocol is to ensure the efficient routing of publish and subscribe messages among publishers, subscribers, and a central broker, with low energy consumption. To achieve this, the protocol incorporates the concept of utilizing cluster-heads in the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy Routing Protocol (LEACH) as broker bridges to facilitate communication with the central broker and also to balance the load on it. The proposed protocol addresses the challenges of finding the best routes to transmit publish and subscribe messages while considering factors such as energy consumption and scalability. Through simulations using the OMNet++ simulator and the Castalia framework, the protocol demonstrates superior performance in terms of reduced energy, network lifetime, and network stability period.