دور حاضنات الأعمال في دعم المؤسسات المصغرة دراسة مقارنة بین الجزائر والأردن

Abstract

The preparation of systems and advanced technological mechanisms that ensures the provision of industrial information about the human, material and technical possibilities for industries, has become an essential requirement for it would lead to the development, modernization of industry and ease of connectivity with all the relevant projects, it also reduces the costs of administrative processes and achieves integration and coordination among all industrial sectors, and ease to address the industrial and assistance problems in marketing and trade as well as the transfer of expertise and experience and increase competitiveness, speed of decision-making and the creation of new industries that are absent. This is thanks to technological progress and market liberalization and globalization that has led to knowledge, markets, capital , products and expertise at one time , and with very high speed, due to the importance of the sector of miniaturized institutions in the Algerian economy and the challenges it faces , it has become necessary to develop and implement a compact national policy in order to enhance the sector competitiveness, increase its contribution to the economic development process and enable it to increase its exports to traditional and non-traditional markets. The concerned Ministry in cooperation with the public and private sectors has prepared a national policy for rehabilitation and development of small, medium and the miniaturized enterprises sector, to face the challenges of globalization and economic openness and take advantage of opportunities in this sector. On the other hand, miniaturized enterprises have become one of the most essential elements in the development processes and economic development in most of the industrialized countries of world. Latest global reports have explained that miniaturized, small and medium enterprises account for 90 % of the companies in the majority of the economies of the world. mini projects have proven effectiveness in raising the standard of living and employment opportunities, but has turned out also due to the large number of miniaturized enterprises and their geographical spreading , and the failure to officially register most of them has led to the difficulty of collecting industrial and technical data for them , and therefore did not bring coherence and integration with the rest of the institutions, both within the state or with other Arabic countries and has led to the failure to provide appropriate support to them for their development. Business incubators are considered one of the most important mechanisms that support miniaturized enterprises, both within the incubator or outside of it, where the incubator provides all forms of required support for miniaturized enterprises, namely, technical, financial, marketing and management support, leading to increase the success rate of miniaturized enterprises and the consequent possibility of gathering industrial, technical, financial and administrative information within each incubator by an administrative stuff designated to manage and coach the incubator. The main problem faced by this dissertation is that, despite the growing number of business incubators, and other different types of incubators, and thus increasing the number of miniaturized enterprises , there is not yet a unified, adequate and accurate system of industrial data and information for each incubator and its projects, that can be relied upon to achieve coherence and coordination with all other incubators, both within the same country or in other Arabic countries as a whole in order to achieve the desired benefit, key words :Business Incubators ،miniaturized enterprises Graduate institutions Growth, development , financing , unemployment.,