Modeling of CO 2Storage in Aquifers Under Geo-Mechanical Risks Using MRST

Abstract

The thesis addresses the challenge of securely storing CO₂ in deep saline aquifers while accounting for geomechanical risks, particularly caprock failure due to high injection pressures. Ensuring both storage efficiency and formation integrity is essential for long-term carbon sequestration success. A simulation-based approach was implemented using the MATLAB Reservoir Simulation Toolbox (MRST). The model incorporated two-phase flow of CO₂ and brine and included a caprock fracture risk assessment using the Barton–Bandis geomechanical model. To optimize well placement and injection rate, a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm was integrated with the simulation framework.Two case studies were performed: one with conservative injection parameters that maintained caprock integrity, and another with higher injection rates that led to fracture and potential leakage. The PSO optimization successfully identified an injection strategy that maximized CO₂ storage while preventing mechanical failure. This work provides a robust and flexible framework for optimizing CO₂ injection under geomechanical constraints. It demonstrates the importance of coupling reservoir simulation with fracture risk modeling and metaheuristic optimization to support safe, efficient, and reliable geological CO₂ storage. Key words: .