Effect of honeys from different botanical origins on Xanthine oxidase inhibition

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the biological activity of various natural honeys from different botanical origins through a series of essays including the determination of total phenolic content, xanthine oxidase inhibition, uric acid dissolution, cellular toxicity via hemolysis assay, and a correlation analysis among the obtained results. The findings revealed notable differences among the studied honey types, particularly in term of phenolic content and its impact on biological activity. A clear relationship was observed between xanthine oxidase inhibition and uric acid dissolution capacity. Ziziphus lotus and Euphobia guyoniana honey demonstrated strong performance across all assays with no observed toxicity, making it a promising natural candidate for the prevention or complementary treatment of gout. On the other hand, Ortica dioica honey exhibited potent inhibitory activity on the enzyme but was associated with significant cytotoxicity at higher concentrations, which limits its therapeutic use without dosage control.